Burst into internal strength before the games

Saigon Beer is leading brand name in Vietnam beer industry with nearly 150 years of developing. Saigon Beer is recognized as National Brand and also honored to be the 351st member in Berlin Beer Academy – one of the cradle of global beer culture.

Vietnamese consumers are familiar with the brand: Saigon Beer (or Bia Saigon) of Saigon Beer-Alcohol-Beverage Corporation (Sabeco). Throughout nearly 150 years of accompanying the changes in Vietnam's land and its people, the yellow beer bubbles flow has continuously kept up the future way, always made Vietnamese proud of their products.    

The unique taste of Saigon Beer is the inspiring taste combined with the spirit of Saigonese’s generosity and the rich of the Southern land, making it an in dispensable part of everyday life. With 2 bottle of 610 ml Larue bottle and 330 ml bottle of beer in the first takeover period. Until now, Saigon beer has developed 13 types of products such as Saigon Special bottleSaigon Export Premium bottle, Saigon Lager 355 bottle, 333 beer bottle, Saigon Chill bottle, Lac Viet bottle, Saigon Gold can, Saigon Special can, Saigon Export Premium can, Saigon Lager can, 333 beer can, Saigon Chill can, Lac Viet can.

For nearly 150 years of establishment and development, with many difficulties and challenges; up to now, although the market has appeared many famous beer brands in the world, Saigon Beer and Beer 333 are still Vietnam's leading beer market in Vietnam, on the way to conquer the markets such as Germany, the US, Japan, the Netherlands and so on.

 

 

Quality assurance and quality control guidelines are the most important - strictly follow technical regulations in quality management to the top. Saigon Beer has implemented successfully and applied ISO 9001 - 2008, ISO 1400 and HACCP quality management system in corporations, member companies all over the country. The quality of Saigon Beer has been increasingly recognized by Bureau Veritas Certification's Quality - Food Safety - Environmental Management System. Saigon beer products has been manufactured with high quality equipment imported from advanced countries in the world, ensuring high precision synchronized, mounted in an automatic production line together. The team of skillful workers and technicians has brought about the successful combination of modern technology with traditional long-term fermentation to create the products with stable quality and distinctive flavor in Vietnam market.

To bring the quality products to Vietnamese consumers, Sai Gon Beer constantly invests in developing and renewing technology with the example of the most modern Sai Gon - Cu Chi Beer Factory. South Asia and the modern system of Saigon Beer factories are synchronized across the country. The factories of Saigon Beer are not only modern and domestic in scale, but also applied the international system "Green Plant" including 3 criteria: fuel economy, high efficiency and especially filter technology. Besides, scientific and modern management system, stable source of materials are the factors that bring about the stability of quality of Sai Gon Beer. With that effort, Saigon Beer has received many prestigious awards in the country and abroad. These glorious victories have brought pride to SABECO in particular and Vietnam as a whole.

 

Inheriting and promoting through generations, the sharing has the Saigon Beer culture, the message “Bring out the best of Vietnam" has been the guideline for all activities of the Corporation and spreads all the system. Over the years, SABECO has endeavored to contribute to sustainable value for the community through a tripartite cooperation model among the Government, Enterprises, and Social Organizations, committing to:
  • Innovating to create the best beer to evoke love and pride among Vietnamese people for their own Vietnamese beer brand (The Best Beer)
  • Utilizing resources and responsible production operations for the mutual development of business and individuals, aiming to become the best sustainable beer producer (The Best Sustainable Brewing)
  • Supporting talent development across various fields, contributing to nurturing the finest generation of talent (The Best Talent)
  • Promoting community development through sustainable solutions, joining hands to build the strongest communities (The Best Community)
     

 

The country's economy is now recovering, growing more steadily than in the previous years; however, weather and environmental fluctuations have significant influences on consumption in general and Beer market in particular. In addition, the policy of increasing the excise tax and restricting the consumption of alcoholic beverage also impacted on the consumption of Sai Gon Beer. Especially, since 31/12/2015, the ASEAN economic community officially formed. In addition to the presence of domestic beer brands, the market penetration of the world's leading beer brands with the advantage of brand and financial potential, creating increasingly intense competition pressure. It requires Vietnamese businesses to have new "mindsets" to survive and integrate in this large commodity market. Facing difficulties and challenges ahead, in the spirit of identifying change is always a matter of survival and development. Mr. Vo Thanh Ha - Chairman of the Board of Directors affirmed that "Sabeco's focus in the long-term development process is the comprehensive restructuring in all areas of organizational structure, Products, investments, promotion of branding, information technology application in corporate governance, etc., in order to maximize internal resources, in addition to continuing to divest according to the roadmap. Technology is the foundation and management is the deciding factor, "in the spirit of" Unity - Innovation - Transparency - Effectiveness ", Sabeco is determined to complete the next Highest value for shareholders and investors, continues to affirm the pioneering position in the beer industry in Vietnam market, reaching out to the region and the world "

In 2016, Sabeco is officially listed shares on the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange, becoming the market capitalization company in Vietnam. Publicity and transparency are also seen as important "pushes" to push for change, as Sabeco's share price has surged, becoming one of the highest value stocks in the market. Contract and significantly increase value for shareholders, investors. 

 

History and Development

Saigon Beer - Nguyen Chi Thanh Factory, the historic cradle of Sai Gon Beer

At every time recalling Saigon Beer’s history, the first memorable image, the first thinking that are reminded was Saigon Beer - Nguyen Chi Thanh Factory. Going back in time, we will learn the reason why Saigon Beer - Nguyen Chi Thanh Factory was used to be considered as "the historic cradle of Saigon Beer Company".

No one know this started from when but the name "Sai Gon Nguyen Chi Thanh" already became as familiar as the way we often call our relatives’ names. BSG NCT factory at first was a little and an old French workshop since 1875 belonged to BGI Brewery. After the revolution of Southern Vietnam, the factory was managed by the Southern Brewery Company and renamed itself as BSG Factory in 1977 and then officially named as Saigon Beer Company in 1993.

One of the initial things that create the speciality of this factory is its prime location. SG - NCT Brewery is one of the very few factories located in the heart of Saigon ancient city which has been existing until now when Saigon becomes a bustling Ho Chi Minh City, the most modern city in this country. If you walk around the city center, it is easy to find out the French colonial architectures; however, the architecture of a factory is not many, and BSG NCT factory is one of the rare vestiges. From the outside, the factory still retains its own ancient architecture style on walls, gates, reliefs, door frames, handrails made by bronze etc. which are all designed sophisticatedly and handled durably. 

There is an interesting thing that after many changes year-by-year the gate of Saigon Beer Company has been still being maintained and utilized until today - like a symbol of the factory particularly and as a historical witness of Saigon Beer generally – it is like the illustration of Ben Thanh market at the ancient and modern Saigon! Behind that door, on that land, those are value factors that built up the strong foundation for Saigon Beer. Gradually, from that place, the Saigon Beer’s products day-by-day have been formed and touched the heart of consumers gently, elegantly but also firmly like its own name.

Initially, from the old rudimentary machinery system, in order to keep up with the overall development, the factory has continually upgraded classical equipment and replaced with new leading technology equipment. At present, most of the stages in the production process from input to output have been fully modernized, fully automated, meeting strict quality, AT-VSTP and environmental requirements. Beside the historical status at Sai Gon, Nguyen Chi Thanh Brewery has no wastewater treatment system, but the Corporation is determined to invest in the construction of a wastewater treatment system with a capacity of 1,200 m3 / day then completed and put into operation in 2010, increased the capacity to 2000 m3 / day by 2014, ensuring 100% of wastewater treated standard before being discharged into the environment. In addition, the factory has also made efforts to renovate the landscape of the environment, green plant.

These efforts have been recognized by the awards of environmental awards such as: Top 10 Excellent Green Sustainable Businesses in 2014, Environmental Award in Ho Chi Minh City 2014,  Certification of pioneering technology innovation and sustainable green economy in 2016. Every year, the environmental inspection delegations of the city and localities highly appreciate the environmental performance of the plant. Sai Gon - Nguyen Chi Thanh Beer Factory is proud to be the first place to trained the experienced staffs and employees of Sai Gon Beer. Coming to the factory, we will see generations of laborers working together and devoting their whole lives .. who come before the guidance, support and fire the followers as a repayment for their own Received at the beginning of the BSG, and so on, the spiraling circle grew ever larger in the trajectory of human values, creating the beauty of BSG culture. Over time, experiences are promoted and transferred to the next generations, are built and further developed through intensive and advanced training to form an energetic young generation. And sufficiently equipped with knowledge, willing to take on the assigned tasks. Modern technology equipment based on an ancient architecture has made a BSG NCT plant with its own characteristics. The equipment of the early days that make up the BSG brand has been carefully selected and respected in the Factory's Tradition as part of its history of origin, Proud of the past when coming to the factory, immersed in memories when entering the Traditional House!

Under the close supervision and guidance of the factory management, the care of the physical and spiritual life of workers is well organized by the factory unions. In addition, the activities of the Youth Union are also abundant and diversified, contributing to the youth's enthusiasm for the Factory. Many workers - from those who have been attached for many years to the young people have the same feelings when they shared feelings with the factory "Do not know ever since the name Saigon Beer Nguyen Chi Thanh was too Familiar with us, familiar as we call the names of relatives, close as the house itself. A true second home, where we can find colleagues as our loved ones, where we can rest assuredly work, dedicate, apply the knowledge we have been trained to Experience, to immerse yourself in the endless flow of Sai Gon Beer. "

From a small production of 21.5 million liters in 1977, after 39 years of development, by 2016, Sai Gon Beer has achieved 128 million liters per year. After 40 years of development, Sai Gon - Nguyen Chi Thanh Brewery was honored to receive many noble titles such as the Labor Order II in 2015, Certificate of Commendation in advanced environmental protection stage Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 2011-2015 ...

BEER 333, BIA SAIGON CHILL, BIA SAIGON SPECIAL, BIA SAIGON COFFEE - INFUSED BEER

SILVER MEDAL

2023 World Beer Championships in USA
By: Chicago's Beverage Testing Institute

Mission - Vision

VISION 2025

Develop SABECO to become the leading beverage group in Vietnam, having firm foothold in regional and international markets.

MISSION

Develop Vietnam’s beverage industry to keep pace with the world.

Promote the culinary culture of Vietnamese people.

Improve the quality of life by providing high quality, safe and

healthy beverages.

Bring practical benefits to shareholders, customers, partners, employees and society.

Satisfy and meet the needs of beverages under the international food safety standards “Food hygiene and safety and environmental protection”.

Fulfill obligations to the State on the basis of transparency in business.

Actively participate in community activities.

Ensure the development towards international integration.

CORE VALUES

1. Traditional brand: The superiority of a traditional brand is built and confirmed over time. Customers have many choices and be well taken care of the services. SABECO has become a “top of mind” in the hearts of customers.

2. Social Responsibility: The development of social responsibility is the tradition of SABECO. We provide the society safe and useful products, and we always wish to share and take responsibility for social work and environmental protection with practical action.

3. Cooperation for Mutual Benefits: We build "mutually beneficial" partnerships as the basis for sustainable development. We develop appropriate policies for long cooperation to partner.

4. Sticking: Sticking to a friendly, sharing environment. Where people are empowered to learn, create and contribute to the joy of success.

5. Continuous improvement: We are not satisfied with present and are always dreaming of rising, learning, creating, and innovating to meet constantly changing needs. Continuous learning, creativity and innovation is our style.

Management System

Koh Poh Tiong

Mr. Koh Poh Tiong

Year of Birth: 1946

Chairman of the Board, Chairman of the Sustainability and Risk Management Committee,

Member of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee

Pramoad Phornprapha

Mr. Pramoad Phornprapha

Year of Birth: 1966

Independent Director of the Board, Chairman of the Audit Committee

Nguyen Tien Vy

Mr. Nguyen Tien Vy

Year of Birth: 1955

Independent Director of the Board, Chairman of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee, Member of the Audit Committee

Michael Chye Hin Fah

Mr. Michael Chye Hin Fah

Year of Birth: 1959
Member of the Board, Member of the Audit Committee, Member of the Sustainability and Risk Management Committee

Tran Kim Nga

Ms. Tran Kim Nga

Year of Birth: 1961

Member of the Board, Member of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee

Le Thanh Tuan

Mr. Le Thanh Tuan

Year of Birth: 1979

Member of the Board, Member of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee

Ngo Minh Chau

Ms. Ngo Minh Chau

Year of Birth: 1988

Member of the Board, Member of the Sustainability and Risk Management Committee

Lester Tan Teck Chuan

Mr. Lester Tan Teck Chuan

Year of Birth: 1966

General Director

Lam Du An

Mr. Lam Du An

Year of Birth: 1967
Deputy General Director in charge of Technology - Production

Koo Liang Kwee, Alan

Mr. Koo Liang Kwee, Alan

Year of Birth: 1970

Deputy General Director in charge of Accounting, Finance and other support functions
Melvyn Ng Kuan Ngee

Mr. Melvyn Ng Kuan Ngee

Year of Birth: 1969

Deputy General Director in charge of Sales

Nguyen Hoang Giang

Mr. Nguyen Hoang Giang

Year of Birth: 1966

General Director - Saigon Beer Trading Company Limited (SATRACO)

Lim Pei Chi Patsy

Ms. Lim Pei Chi Patsy

Year of Birth: 1974

Deputy General Director in charge of Marketing

Lee Chio Lim Larry

Mr. Lee Chio Lim Larry

Year of Birth: 1963
Deputy General Director in charge of Strategic Assets

Member Units

Saigon - Nguyen Chi Thanh Brewery

Saigon - Nguyen Chi Thanh Brewery

  • 187 Nguyen Chi Thanh, Ward 12, District 5, HCMC
  • 08.38577095
Saigon - Cu Chi Brewery

Saigon - Cu Chi Brewery

  • North West Industrial Park, CuChi District, HCMC
  • 08.37925161
Saigon Beer Group Company Limited

Saigon Beer Group Company Limited

  •  187 Nguyen Chi Thanh, Ward 12, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City
Saigon Beer Company Limited

Saigon Beer Company Limited

  •  187 Nguyen Chi Thanh, Ward 12, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City
Saigon Beer Trading Company Limited

Saigon Beer Trading Company Limited

  • 12, Dong Du Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City
  • 08.38256456
Sabeco Mechanics Limited Company

Sabeco Mechanics Limited Company

  • 215 Dao Duy Tu, Ward 6, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City
  • 08.39573312
Saigon- Hatinh MTV Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company

Saigon- Hatinh MTV Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company

Western Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company- Saigon Cantho Beer factory

Western Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company- Saigon Cantho Beer factory

Chuong Duong Beverages Joint Stock Company

Chuong Duong Beverages Joint Stock Company

BinhTay Wine Joint Stock Company

BinhTay Wine Joint Stock Company

Saigon – Nghe Tinh Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company

Saigon – Nghe Tinh Saigon Beer Joint Stock Company

Saigon - Songlam Beer Joint Stock Company

Saigon - Songlam Beer Joint Stock Company

Hanoi Saigon Beer Joint Stock Compeny – Hanoi Saigon Beer factory

Hanoi Saigon Beer Joint Stock Compeny – Hanoi Saigon Beer factory

North Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

North Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

  • CN 01-05 Area, Ninh Hiep Industrial zone, Ninh Hiep Ward, Gia Lam District, Hanoi
North East Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock company

North East Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock company

  • 2A, Cai Lan Industrial park, Bai Chay Ward, Ha Long City, Quang Ninh Province
North Middle Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

North Middle Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

  • Nho Dong Vinh Industrial park, Dong Vinh Ward, Vinh City, Nghe An Province
Saigon - Central Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Saigon - Central Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

  • No.7, Street 1, An Don Industrial Zone, An Hai Bac Ward, Son Tra District, Da Nang City
Tay Nguyen Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock company

Tay Nguyen Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock company

Middle South Saigon beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Middle South Saigon beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Eastern Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Eastern Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Saigon Beer Center Trading Joint Stock Company

Saigon Beer Center Trading Joint Stock Company

Tien river Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Tien river Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Hau River Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

Hau River Saigon Beer Trading Joint Stock Company

  • No.I5 - 25, 26 Vo Nguyen Giap Street, Phu Thu Ward, Cai Rang District, Can Tho City 
Saigon Trading & Packaging Joint Stock Company

Saigon Trading & Packaging Joint Stock Company

  • 621 Pham Van Chi Street, Ward 7, District 6, Ho Chi Minh City
  • 0650.33775267
Saigon Phu Ly Beer Company – Saigon Phu Ly Brewery

Saigon Phu Ly Beer Company – Saigon Phu Ly Brewery

Sai Gon Phu Tho Beer Joint Stock Company - Saigon Phu Tho Brewery

Sai Gon Phu Tho Beer Joint Stock Company - Saigon Phu Tho Brewery

Mechanics and Industrial Construction Joint Stock Company

Mechanics and Industrial Construction Joint Stock Company

Saigon Tay Do Beer - Beverage Joint Stock Company - Saigon Tay Do Brewery

Saigon Tay Do Beer - Beverage Joint Stock Company - Saigon Tay Do Brewery

Saigon Binh Tay Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Binh Duong Brewery - Saigon Hoang Quynh Brewery

Saigon Binh Tay Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Binh Duong Brewery - Saigon Hoang Quynh Brewery

Central Saigon Beer Company - Saigon Quy Nhon Brewery - Saigon Daklak Brewery – Saigon Phu Yen Brewery

Central Saigon Beer Company - Saigon Quy Nhon Brewery - Saigon Daklak Brewery – Saigon Phu Yen Brewery

Saigon Vinh Long Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Vinh Long Brewery

Saigon Vinh Long Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Vinh Long Brewery

  • Hamlet 1 Tan Vinh Thuan, Tan Ngai Commune, Vinh Long Province
  • 08.8296341
Saigon Kien Giang Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Kien Giang Brewery

Saigon Kien Giang Beer Joint Stock Company – Saigon Kien Giang Brewery

  • D8-07, 3/2 Street, Vinh Lac Ward, Dist. Rach Gia, Kien Giang province
  • 091.815.0807
Sai Gon Khanh Hoa Brewery Joint Stock Company

Sai Gon Khanh Hoa Brewery Joint Stock Company

  • Dien Phu industrial cluster, Dien Phu commune, Dien Khanh district, Khanh Hoa province
  • 068.3937156
Me Linh Center Limited Company

Me Linh Center Limited Company

Saigon Crown Venture Co., Ltd

Saigon Crown Venture Co., Ltd

  • Hanoi Highway, Hiep Phu Ward, District 9, HCMC
  • 08.8961640
Vietnam Malaya Glass Company Limited

Vietnam Malaya Glass Company Limited

  • Room 11.1, Floor 11, REE Building, No. 9, Doan Van Bo, Ward 12, District 4, HCMC. HCM
Vietnam Wine and Alcohol Company Limited

Vietnam Wine and Alcohol Company Limited

  • 621 Pham Van Chi, Ward 7, District 6, HCMC

Distribution

Saigon beer has been exported to 35 countries: 

- Europe: France, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Spain, Austria, Poland, Finland
- Asia:
Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Laos, Thailand, China, Cambodia, Maldives, Mongolia, India, Indonesia, Philipines
- Oceania:
Australia, New Zealand
- Middle East:
Bahrain, UAE
- North & South Amercia:
Equatorial Guinea, Zambia


Awards

Technology

HISTORY OF BEER 

Early story about beer

There is a story beginning 4000 BC from the South of Babylone in Mesopotamia. Ninkasi, a Sumerian woman who made baked bread instead of baking the dough, but put into a jar of water instead of fermenting the batter. A few days later, she had a "divine" drink that made people feel lightheaded.

In ancient Egypt around 3000 BC, beer and bread were important in the daily diet. Beer is considered a currency and people from Pharaoh down are drinking beer.

In 55BC, Julius Ceasar conquered the Romans and brewing techniques were introduced into Europe.

By the 13th century, there were hundreds of brewing monasteries for local residents. Some of these monasteries still exist to date in Belgium and the Netherlands. One of the biggest research of the monks is to use the beer to use to create a specific flavor and prolong the shelf life.

In 1864, Pasteur published the results of experiments on fermentation: "It’s the yeast that causes the fermentation process" and explains the working mechanism of the yeast. In addition, Pasteur has put forward a widely applicable approach in the food industry: "Pasteur pasteurization". By this method, beer can be stored under conditions up to 1 year.


 

The Milestones

 

With  the invention of the steam engine in 1765, the chemical industry has turned the truth.

In 1817, Daniel Wheeler developed a device for kilning and roasting malt to make a kind of cinematographic production of the types for manufacturing categories black beer later. Pasteur has explored the role of mushroom and made it a vital criteria for better beer production.

In 1953, Morton W Coutts, a New Zealand manufactured development techniques release the time for the preparation and production before 4 months until 24 hours.

 

Popular Beers

Ale Beer

Produced by fermentation chunks floating, the fermentation temperature is high from 15 to 23 oC so that the amount of ester produced makes the beer taste fruit: apple, pear, pineapple ....

Lager Beer

Lager beer is based on the Pilsener style, first produced in 1842 in the city of Pilsen (Plzeň), Czech Republic. The lager Pilsener beer is light, highly carbonated, with a strong flavor of hops and an alcohol content of 3-6% by volume. Saigon beer is part of this beer.

Beer Production Process At Sabeco

01
Grinding mill
Grind small the malt into the particles size (or rice grain) to the required size so that the ingredients in the material can be dissolved into water and release the enzyme to catalyze the hydrolysis process.
02
Malt cooker
Hydrolysis of polymeric compounds such as starch, protein into fermentable compounds such as maltose, glucose, amino acids, etc. At the end of the malt process, sweeteners are obtained. Glucosinolation
03
Filter pot
It is the process of removing ground paddy husk of malt seed from sugar solution
04
Boiling pot
The clear sugar is boiled with hops to produce a characteristic bitterness, while the boiling process also evaporates and precipitates unwanted compounds and sterilizes the solution.
05
Scale separator
Remove ingredients such as petal berry, the precipitate formed during boiling
06
Quick heat
The boiled water (100oC) is brought to the appropriate temperature for the yeast to operate as 10 - 15oC. This temperature depends on the type of yeast and the type of beer.
07
Fermentation tank
Refrigerated yeast and yeast are put into the fermenting tank for fermentation. Yeast along with sugar is formed during cooking to form alcohol and CO2. Smell compounds for beer are also produced by yeast in this period. At the end of fermentation, the yeast will be removed from the fermenting tank for reuse for the next fermentation. The fermentation after fermentation will be transferred to the brewing tank to start the secondary fermentation process.
08
Beer brewing tank
Is the process of metabolizing or removing unwanted compounds formed during fermentation such as diacetyl. The brewing process ends when the contents of the beer are reduced to the desired level and reach the desired time of the beer
09
Long cooling
BBeer pre-filtered will be cooled down to -1 and-2 ° C to form cold residue. These scales will be removed during filtration in the later.
10
Filter in beer
Yeast, cold residue, etc. will be removed to make the beer transparent.
11
Bright Beer Tank
The filtered beer is stored in the beer tank pending for the extract brewing and packaging process.
12
Beer brew
In extract brewing, beer is extracted into different packaging to meet the needs of customers. Keg beer has 2 liters capacity, 5 liters, 20 liters, 30 liters or 50 liters. Beer is extracted into a cans of 330ml, 500ml. Beer bottles have a capacity of 330ml, 450ml, 500ml, 750ml. Capacity of beer bottles, beer can depends on the market strategy and consumer tastes of each country.